Essential Safety Info Using Opioids

Today's post from opioids911.org (see link below) is a very important one indeed for people living with severe neuropathy pain. Many people have no choice but to take opioids to control their pain but there are enormous risks that both patient and doctor often underestimate. This article tells you all you want to know about opioids and how to use them safely but also what to do if things start to go wrong, or you feel that you're becoming addicted. I don't usually keep live links in articles but this one contains essential information and the wider that information is spread, the better.  So many communities and health groups are being affected by opioid abuse that the more people understand the problem, the less widespread it will become. Thanks to the authors of opioids911 for their hard work.

Opioids911-Safety

(Opioids911.org) is an independent, noncommercial, Internet-based educational activity from Pain Treatment Topics (Pain-Topics.org) for patients and their caregivers focusing on the proper and safe use of opioid pain relievers. Our mission is to provide an understanding of opioid analgesics and their various risks, and to suggest specific actions for preventing opioid-related problems, including: misuse, abuse, addiction, diversion, adverse reactions, overmedication, and life-threatening overdose. Instruction is provided on recognizing opioid problems if they do occur and on being prepared for what to do during an emergency.

Why is opioid safety so important?

Opioids (oh'-pee-oyds) are effective pain relievers. Sometimes these drugs are called “narcotics.” However, “opioids” is the correct term for pain-relieving medicines that come from the opium poppy plant, such as codeine and morphine. Some opioids are made from chemicals that act like opium, such as oxycodone and others.
There are various kinds of opioid medicines prescribed for different types of pain. All of these work best only when used properly and safely, exactly as directed by your healthcare provider; either the opioid prescriber or pharmacist.
Who is an opioid prescriber? Most physicians (MDs or DOs) and dentists may prescribe opioids for pain relief. In many states, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and certain pharmacists also may prescribe opioid pain relievers.
As with other strong medicines, there are certain risks with opioids. Every year some patients and other persons, including children, are seriously harmed or die from opioid pain relievers.

This Opioids911 website will help you to learn about and take more responsibility for opioid safety. Helpful information provides an understanding of what opioid medicines are and their risks, including side effects, abuse or addiction, and serious overdose. You also can learn how to reduce opioid risks, how to recognize problems if they do occur, and what to do in an emergency.

 

REMEMBER: Opioid Safety Needs YOU!

8 Very Important Safety Tips

• Never take an opioid pain reliever unless it is prescribed for you.
• Always take opioids as directed. Do not take more opioid or take it more often than is prescribed for you.
• Do not use opioids with alcohol or other drugs unless approved by your prescriber.
• Never break, chew, crush, dissolve, or inject your opioid medicine. If you cannot swallow it whole, talk to your prescriber.
• Protect and lock up your opioids in a safe place at all times, and properly dispose of leftover medicine.
• Never share opioids with another person, it is illegal and very dangerous.
• Be prepared for opioid emergencies. Know signs of trouble and what to do.
• Always read instructions that come with your opioid prescription. Contact your prescriber or pharmacist with any questions.

Click on the topic section or question of interest below...

1. What are opioids?

• Why are opioid medicines prescribed?
• How do opioid medicines work?
• What are the different kinds of opioids?
• What opioids are commonly prescribed?

2. What are safety concerns with opioids?

• How should I take my opioid pain relievers?
• How can opioids be harmful?
• What should I know and do about side effects?
• Could I become addicted to opioids?
• What is an opioid treatment agreement?
• What opioid prescribing restrictions should I know about?

3. How can I prevent problems with opioids?

• What opioid problems should I be prepared for?
• How can opioid problems be avoided?
• How can I keep track of my opioid medicines?
• What should I do to keep my opioids safe?
• How can I dispose of unused opioid medicine?
• What should I do if my opioids are lost or missing?

4. What should be done in an emergency?

• How can an opioid emergency be recognized?
• What are the steps to follow in an opioid emergency?
• What are other tips for handling opioid overdose?
• What if I am running out of opioid medicine and cannot get more?

5. Frequently Asked Questions about opioid safety.

• Should I stop using all other pain relievers when taking opioids?
• Is it best to take as little of the opioid medicine as possible?
• Do I really need to avoid all alcohol while taking opioids?
• Can I drive a car while taking opioid pain relievers?
• I have no place to lock up my opioid medicines — what can I do?
• What is wrong with sharing a small amount of opioids with a friend or relative?
• Why is it unsafe to open capsules or crush tablets to make taking opioids easier?
• Could I eventually become addicted to opioid pain relievers?
• What if the opioid medicine stops helping my pain after awhile?
• What causes opioid withdrawal?
• What if I am running out of opioids before my next appointment?
• When can I stop taking the opioid medicines?
• I hear that opioids cause constipation — what can be done?
• What if I become pregnant while taking opioid medicines?
• Why should I always use the same pharmacy to fill opioid prescriptions?
• There is an awful lot to remember about opioid safety — what should I do?
• What if I cannot afford to buy the prescribed opioid medicines?

Document Dates:	First publication - September 2010; FAQs added - December 2010
Researcher/Writer:	Stewart B. Leavitt, MA, PhD
Medical Reviewers:	Edward Hesterlee, BS, PharmD, FACA; Seth I. Kaufman, MD; Lee A. Kral, PharmD, BCPS; James D. Toombs, MD; Winnie Dawson, MA, RN, BSN
Research Sources:	For reference citations of sources used in developing Opioids911-Safety <click here>.

http://opioids911.org/

new ID

I suppose I'm the queen of almost identifications lately .... the bird has been bugging me all day since only some of the pictures seemed accurate.

THIS: http://agri.state.nv.us/WestNile/maps/SwainsonHawkL.jpg

is precisely the bird I saw - so I guess it's this Swainson light morph hawk? - never heard of it.

Anyhow - my eyes know what I saw! Darn those incomplete birding books!

Back to plants soon - I promise!

Sleeping Problems With Neuropathy

Today's interesting post from napwa.org.au (see link below) is written from the perspective of a yoga instructor looking at sleeping problems caused by HIV and its side effects (amongst which, neuropathy). The article gives some helpful tips and explanations as to how you can improve your sleep patterns and is worth a read for all neuropathy sufferers, whether connected to HIV or not.

To sleep: perchance to ... sleep
Positive Living article • Muktakiran • 31 May 2013


We have all suffered bouts of insomnia and difficulty falling asleep. For most people, the number one cause is stress. For some, it may be a side effect of treatment such as efavirenz, which is known to cause wild dreams in some people. For others, it may be a symptom of HIV itself, such as pain, numbness or the burning sensation of peripheral neuropathy, that keeps them awake at night.

Lack of sleep affects our mood, increases feelings of anxiety and depression, and can affect our memory and ability to concentrate.

When fatigued, the brain thinks more slowly and we make more mistakes. When managing a longterm illness such as HIV, good quality sleep becomes even more important.

Diwakar Balachandran,MD, director of the Sleep Center at the University of Texas, says, ‘A lot of studies show our T-cells go down if we are sleep-deprived . . . And inflammatory cytokines go up.’1 It is a combination that increases the risk of illness.

Sleep is vital for our wellbeing.

It is essential for optimal learning and memory function and critical for a healthy immune system.

Digestion, cell repair and the release of growth hormones are all increased during sleep.

With a few lifestyle adjustments and some simple techniques, you can improve your sleeping patterns so that you go to sleep easily and avoid those debilitating and frustrating 3am awakenings.

MELATONIN AND SLEEP
An important factor in getting a good night’s sleep is a natural supply of melatonin. Melatonin is the hormone produced by the pineal gland; its role is to govern our internal body clock: the sleep/wake cycle. It also causes drowsiness and lowers body temperature at night. Melatonin production increases at night in the dark, and diminishes in daylight.

Light and electricity disrupt the natural functioning of melatonin production. The blue light emitted by fluorescent lighting, white LED lights, and the light in computer screens, TV screens and smart phones inhibits melatonin production when we are exposed to it at night. Changing the light globes in your home to ones that emit a yellow or warm white glow can make a difference.

And dimming the lighting in your home progressively over the evening leading up to bedtime can help regulate your internal body clock. Caffeine also reduces melatonin production by up to half, for at least 10 hours after its consumption. If you enjoy coffee or chocolate, it’s best to have your caffeine in the morning.

Sleep research scientist, neurophysiologist and yoga teacher Philip Stevens has clinically proven that candle gazing, a commonly practised meditation technique, significantly increases melatonin production (see below)2.

REDUCE EMR
Electro-magnetic radiation (EMR) is a form of energy with both electrical and magnetic fields that travels in waves. EMR is emitted from wireless and wired technologies, such as computers, mobile phones, wireless routers, TVs, microwave ovens, electric heating systems, and digital radio alarm clocks.

Philip Stevens recommends moving all sources of EMR at least two body lengths away from your bed. He suggests that at bedtime you turn off your wifi router, put your mobile phone into flight mode and, if you use an electric blanket, use it to warm the bed then turn it off at the wall before you go to sleep.

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM, STRESS AND THE BREATH
The autonomic nervous system affects the quality and quantity of sleep you get each night. It has two parts: the sympathetic, which controls the stress response, getting us ready for ‘fight-or-flight’ mode when a crisis arises; and the parasympathetic, which controls the relaxation response once the crisis is over. It is known as the ’rest and digest’ mode.

The pressures of day-to-day life, and how we respond to them, can over-stimulate the sympathetic nervous system.

Many of us are in fight-or-flight mode most of the time and so we tend to breathe in a shallow way, using only the chest. When we breathe like this, too much carbon dioxide empties from the blood, disturbing the body’s balance of gases. Shallow chest breathing maintains the physiological message to the body of fight or flight. When stress keeps us awake, it’s quite likely our sympathetic nervous system is still switched on. We can switch off the fight-or-flight mode by changing the way we breathe.

ABDOMINAL BREATHING
Abdominal breathing is a natural breathing technique that has positive physiological effects. When we breathe abdominally, the diaphragm muscle moves downward on inhalation, pushing the abdomen outward.

On exhalation, the diaphragm muscle recoils and the abdomen moves naturally inward.

Neuro-receptors on the wall of the main abdominal artery measure the pressure of the abdominal cavity and when they feel pressure like the one exerted in abdominal breathing, the neuro-receptors send messages to the brain to relax the body. This activates the rest-and-digest mode of the nervous system.

Opinions differ on what to do if you wake during the night.

Some specialists advocate getting up and doing some mindless task, such as ironing or washing up.

Philip Stevens advises not to get up, don’t turn the light on and don’t start reading. Instead, go back to slow-rate abdominal breathing.



Muktakiran is trained in the Satyananda yoga tradition. She is the manager of Manly yoga, where she also teaches yoga and meditation classes.
1.www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/excessive-sleepiness-10/immune-system-lack-of-sleep
2.www.yogalinks.net/research/research.html

http://napwa.org.au/pl/2013/06/to-sleep-perchance-to-sleep

Very Faint Positive Pregnancy Test

Very Faint Positive Pregnancy Test

Implantation bleeding is one of the earliest signs of pregnancy. Not every pregnant woman will experience it; some will and some won't. During implantation, the .Hi, Typically, on pregnancy tests, any line is a positive result. It sounds like you are talking about ovulation tests. On ovulation tests, you need to have the test . Diabetes Symptoms During Pregnancy ::The 3 Step Trick that Reverses Diabetes Permanently in As Little as 11 Days.[ DIABETES SYMPTOMS DURING PREGNANCY ] The .A positive blood test will usually show a positive result days after implantation, or roughly days after ovulation. For a home urine test, however, a .FertilAid for Women "This stuff works!" Happy new mothers give FertilAid for Women great reviews. FertilAid for Women is the perfect fertility supplement for women .Am I pregnant? Could I be? I f you've just missed your period, chances are you are definitely wondering whether or not you could have a bun cooking in the oven..Pregnancy tests can be so confusing with the different rules for peeing on the stick, panels, lines, crosses, faces and colours! Here is a guide to help you decide..Diabetes And Pregnancy Clinic Treatment Diabetes Alternative Diabetes Treatment Diabetes And Pregnancy Clinic ::The 3 Step Trick that Reverses Diabetes .Syphilis is aually transmitted disease STD that can have very serious complications when left untreated, but it is simple to cure with the right treatment..I already have a question posted under "Increasing HCG levels, but u/s not matching gestational age". You might want to read that to know my history. I have been .

Very Faint Positive Pregnancy Test

Positive Pregnancy Test Faint Line

mine were the same. but mine were cheap tests off the net. all showed a very very faint line that i could see but my bf was iffy about saying thats not a positive..Have a faint positive pregnancy test? As long as it's within the suggested time frame, even a faint line is a positive line. Several reasons are possible..I took 5 tests altogether my 1st 2 were faint so I went to the doctors they did a test and was negitive, I didn't believe it and was very downhearted about it so the .I See A Faint Line On My Home Pregnancy Test, Am I Pregnant? Home pregnancy tests use a sample of a woman's urine in order to detect the 'pregnancy hormone .The Two Big Pregnancy Test Questions: 1 How Early Can I Test for Pregnancy? 2 What Does a Faint Line Mean on a Pregnancy Test? > Back to Pregnancy Testing.Home Pregnancy Tests. The best way to get accurate results when using a home pregnancy test is to wait until your period late. At that time, the level of hCG in your .Tell me more about chemical pregnancy; What other mums are saying about faint lines on their pregnancy test "I had a couple of very faint lines when I first tested .Probably, but you should test again in a few days to make sure. For a home pregnancy test to give you a positive result, your body has to be making a detectable level .I had a positive test last week. I went for a private scan today to get an idea of dates as dont have periods and neither an abdonminal scan nor a.4 positive home pregnancy tests but the doctor says my urine test was negative? | Mom Answers.

Powerful Personal Neuropathy Myeloma Account

Today's post from deludia.com is the third very recognisable personal account in a short time here on the blog about living with neuropathy as a result of multiple myeloma. Once again, there is no connection to HIV but neuropathy symptoms and living with them are common to so many people with the disease, irrespective of the cause, that this article will feel very familiar. The article goes into some detail about his treatment for myeloma and this will be useful for many others who are also living with cancer. Unfortunately people with HIV are also not immune to cancers of one sort or another.

Perpetual Neuropathy 

Bob Kirkpatrick: Friday, February 10th, 2012

Stop waving your hands out there. I see you, all ready to jump on me and say “Hey, Doofus, it’s Peripheral Neuropathy, not Perpetual.” Au Contraire, mon ami. For some of us, perpetual is exactly the right word. Let’s roll back a little: I have Multiple Myeloma. I’m in the 1% class. No, that doesn’t mean I’m rich and think contemptuous thoughts of the economically weaker. It means that the Myeloma eating me alive doesn’t manifest the proteins that Multiple Myeloma people speak of so often. An M-spike doesn’t have anything to do with me.

But when it comes to side effects, particularly neuropathy, we tend to be a part of the group that gets hit more severely than those in the more populated 99%. I am the perfect example of the leastmost population. While I haven’t the worries about damage to my kidneys, liver and other organs affected by the unwanted proteins, Multiple Myeloma dissolves my bones at a vastly greater rate than experienced by our community’s majority. It gives me a unique perspective on the cancer, and I grant readily that my views are often dim. I am told that I have matured significantly when it comes to my writing, but it’s also true that I have been able to “settle in” to having Multiple Myeloma; it’s going on five years since I was diagnosed –already at stage three when it was found. At the time of my diagnosis, my oncologist gave me six months to straighten out my affairs, and the prognosis did nothing to lighten my mood.

Hindsight is 20/20 as the expression goes, and I can attest to the validity of that statement. At least insofar as my cancer is concerned. As a non-secretor, my oncologist, a hematologist of 40 years experience put me on a regimen of Doxorubicin. My response (physical and emotional) was rather negative because it almost killed me on the first infusion. And then again on the second. When my oncologist tried to convince me to take a third shot at it, I declined, and rather vehemently –having grown tired of spending a week in ICU suffering near-lethal anaphylactic and toxic shock. So we tried a years worth of Velcade cycles. This did me no good, but it exposed me to the agonies of peripheral neuropathy in spades. Knowing what we do now, between my oncologist and I, we’d have probably chosen Thalidomide or Lenalidomide instead, considering that Velcade is an antiprotein therapy and not really suited to someone without the pesky proteins. But we went with Velcade, because of the conventional wisdom which says to treat non-secretory Multiple Myeloma the same as in all cases.

I lost the ability to use my feet and hands due to neuropathy. The pain was so severe that any attempt to stand or even grip a fork to eat with resulted in pain that literally caused me to scream because it was so profoundly painful. The fact that it was unrelenting, and for so long a time, I literally gave up and went in search of a physician who supported Death with Dignity. Washington, my home state las legislation permitting it under highly specific and controlled situations. None of the drugs like Gabapentin did anything to relieve the pain, it only compounded the discomfort by adding severe nausea to the discomfort menu. After a year with Velcade treatments, we finally abandoned the treatment because it was hurting me and taking more quality of life from me than the cancer ever did. And believe me, the cancer took a big chunk out of my mobility and comfort all on its own. I had to take radiation three times to kill off lesions/tumors that were exquisitely painful. The radiation worked wonderfully, I might add. With the Multiple Myeloma still rapidly progressing and the oncology team more vehemently ratifying a lethal prognosis, we decided to give Lenalidomide (Revlimid) a try. Sadly, with some patients, myself among them, neuropathy was very slow to wane away and would come back like gangbusters almost at the hint of any new treatments. The break in my therapy had nearly eliminated any neuropathic pain and so we elected to take another stab at slowing the cancer. I made it through a cycle and a half before we had to stop because of the disabling pain that rushed back to taunt me.

After a couple of months without further treatment, quite mysteriously, the progression of Myeloma seemed to stop, going into a holding pattern in early 2010. It took the entire year and a month or so of 2011 to leave me with reduced neuropathy in my feet –and the rest of the side effects gone at last. But to this day, my feet are still very sensitive to any pressure, and provide me with that ‘so cold its hot’ burning pain so common to those who get neuropathy. My oncologist and the teams in both the Spokane VA and the Seattle Cancer Consortium all agree that the current level of neuropathy I experience is permanent. As a result, to provide some lightness to the distress, we now refer to my symptoms as Perpetual Neuropathy. Things were pretty good from March 2011 until the end of December 2011, when the various symptoms that brought me to the doctor in the first place, returned. I have body aches, tremendous hot flashes, constant constipation, simple bruising that’s slow to heal, daily bloody noses, and bone pain emanating from my shoulders, neck, lower spine, hips, thighs and feet, and in my wrists and fingers. X-rays show lesions and areas of bone deterioration in all of those places. Nearly a third of my pelvis is just plain missing. Atop it all, the neuropathy of treatment is still there to make it all worse.

I am giving treatment some thought again. And oddly enough, considering a chemo plan that includes Doxorubicin, my old nemesis. My oncologist and I are requesting comments from Multiple Myeloma experts on the possibility of tiny dose Doxorubicin, perhaps augmented with low dose Lenalidomide. But because of my perpetual neuropathy, we’re moving very slowly and cautiously because a return of neuropathic pain could likely saddle me a with a greater level of pain that I would never get over. Sadly, I cannot tolerate steroids well, and so I don’t get the benefit it might provide to bolster the body against the toxic effects of chemotherapy. When we’ve heard back from the sources we’ve tapped for information, we’ll use it to decide whether to spin the cylinder in the chemotherapy six shooter for a game of chemo-roulette.

So those with their hands up and waving for my attention to correct my malapropism, relax. I was highly accurate in calling my side effects Perpetual Neuropathy. As the five year mark approaches, it makes me nervous to think of myself in the category of those who perish. But I bolster myself with the thinking that my cancer backed off once, perhaps my Multiple Myeloma can be convinced to do it again.

Some of us who undergo chemotherapy do so at a much greater disadvantage than others. It’s simply a matter of of circumstance. I’m a non-secretor sensitive to neuropathy and unable to tolerate steroids. The good news is that the vast majority of Multiple Myeloma patients don’t have to deal with therapeutic side effects at the level of people like me. We are the few, and our side effects can be as permanent as the rising sun. But in any treatment proposition, it pays to be informed and participatory. It is we patients who, bottom line, will take offered treatment or not. I can’t help but believe that had I been more informed about what Multiple Myeloma is, and what the chemicals used to treat it did, that I might have taken a different course. One that might not have had the permanent negative impact I suffer today.

http://www.deludia.com/?p=4149

HOMOEOPATHIC REMEDIES FOR BED SORES

Bedsores — also called pressure sores or pressure ulcers — are injuries to skin and underlying tissue resulting from prolonged pressure on the skin. Bedsores most often develop on skin that covers bony areas of the body, such as the heels, ankles, hips and tailbone.

People most at risk of bedsores are those with a medical condition that limits their ability to change positions, requires them to use a wheelchair or confines them to a bed for a long time.

Causes - Bedsores are caused by pressure against the skin that limits blood flow to the skin and nearby tissues. Other factors related to limited mobility can make the skin vulnerable to damage and contribute to the development of pressure sores. Three primary contributing factors are:

Sustained pressure. When your skin and the underlying tissues are trapped between bone and a surface such as a wheelchair or a bed, the pressure may be greater than the pressure of the blood flowing in the tiny vessels (capillaries) that deliver oxygen and other nutrients to tissues. Without these essential nutrients, skin cells and tissues are damaged and may eventually die.

This kind of pressure tends to happen in areas that aren't well-padded with muscle or fat and that lie over a bone, such as your spine, tailbone, shoulder blades, hips, heels and elbows.

Friction. Friction is the resistance to motion. It may occur when the skin is dragged across a surface, such as when you change position or a care provider moves you. The friction may be even greater if the skin is moist. Friction may make fragile skin more vulnerable to injury.

Shear. Shear occurs when two surfaces move in the opposite direction. For example, when a hospital bed is elevated at the head, you can slide down in bed. As the tailbone moves down, the skin over the bone may stay in place — essentially pulling in the opposite direction. This motion may injure tissue and blood vessels, making the site more vulnerable to damage from sustained pressure.

Symptoms-Bedsores fall into one of four stages based on their severity. The National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, a professional organization that promotes the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers, defines each stage as follows:

Stage I

The beginning stage of a pressure sore has the following characteristics:The skin is not broken.The skin appears red on people with lighter skin color, and the skin doesn't briefly lighten (blanch) when touched. On people with darker skin, the skin may show discoloration, and it doesn't blanch when touched.. The site may be tender, painful, firm, soft, warm or cool compared with the surrounding skin.

Stage II

At stage II:The outer layer of skin (epidermis) and part of the underlying layer of skin (dermis) is damaged or lost.The wound may be shallow and pinkish or red.The wound may look like a fluid-filled blister or a ruptured blister.

Stage III

At stage III, the ulcer is a deep wound:The loss of skin usually exposes some fat.The ulcer looks crater-like.The bottom of the wound may have some yellowish dead tissue.The damage may extend beyond the primary wound below layers of healthy skin.

Stage IV

A stage IV ulcer shows large-scale loss of tissue:The wound may expose muscle, bone or tendons.The bottom of the wound likely contains dead tissue that's yellowish or dark and crusty.The damage often extends beyond the primary wound below layers of healthy skin.

HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICINES

ARGENTUM NITRICUM 30-Centre covered with dry bloody crusts

ARNICA MONTANA 30- Generally indicated in bed sores when the patient is confines to a bed for a long time and feels bruised all over before ulceration.  Especially suited  for bed sores on hips and sacral region

BAPTISIA TIC 30-Bed sores especially during typhoid fever

CROTALUS HOR 30- From degraded state of the blood

LACHESIS 200- With blue edges in typhoid

SULPHUR 200-Turn to gangrenous sores, gnawing pain

Externally Calendula Q should be applied either in crude or diluted form

HOMOEOPATHIC REMEDIES FOR URETHRAL STRICTURE

Urethral stricture is an abnormal narrowing of the tube that carries urine out of the body from the bladder (urethra).

Causes--Urethral stricture may be caused by inflammation or scar tissue from surgery, disease, or injury. Rarely, it may be caused by pressure from a growing tumor near the urethra.

Other factors that increase the risk for this condition include:-Sexually transmitted infection (STI), Procedures that place a tube into the urethra (such as a catheter or cystoscope), Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH),Injury to the pelvic area, Repeated urethritis, Strictures that are present at birth (congenital) are rare. The condition is also rare in women.

Symptoms--Blood in the semen, Discharge from the urethra, Bloody or dark urine, Strong urge to urinate and frequent urination, Decreased urine output inability (urinary retention), Painful urination or difficulty urinating,Loss of bladder control,Pain in the lower abdomen and pelvic area,  Slow urine stream (may develop suddenly or gradually) or spraying of urine, Swelling of the penis

HOMOEOPATHIC  REMEDIES

ACONITUM NAPELLUS 30—Spasmodic stricture of urethra with fever as well as spasm. A dose of Aconite given half an hour or fifteen minutes before the catheter is passed will frequently add greatly to the patient’s comfort

BERBERIS VULGARIS Q—Burning in urethra between acts of urination

CLEMATIS ERECTA Q—Stricture of urethra. Burning pain or tickling in the orifice of urethra  before urination. Burning in urethra during urination. Burning , itching and stinging  in the urethra after urination. Urine stops and starts or dribbles after urination. Interrupted flow , frequent and scanty

GRAPHITES 30—Sudden arrest of the flow . Oozing of snuff colored mucus in long threads

STAPHYSAGRIA  30- Stricture of urethra. After removing stone from the urethra or after any operation of urethra

THIOSINAMINUM 3X—Organic stricture of urethra

THUJA OCC. 30- Stricture of urethra. Burning in the urethra. Thick discharge from urethra. Urine stream splits